Implementasi Terapi Bermain Lego Terhadap Perkembangan Kognitif pada Anak Usia Prasekolah di Paud Melati Putih Jakarta Pusat

Abstract

Menurut Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 62,02% anak usia prasekolah mengalami gangguan pertumbuhan umum yang mencakup kemampuan kognitif, bahasa, gangguan sosial, gangguan emosional dan motorik. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui implementasi terapi bermain lego terhadap perkembangan kognitif pada anak usia prasekolah dengan tujuan khusus mengetahui perkembangan kognitif sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan terapi bermain lego dan menganalisis perbandingan perkembangan kognitif pada anak usia prasekolah sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan terapi bermain lego di PAUD Melati Putih Jakarta Pusat. Metode penelitian studi kasus ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif, teknik non probabilitas dengan purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan lembar observasi dan KPSP untuk skrining awal perkembangan kognitif. Hasil penelitian menggunakan lembar observasi bahwa nilai rata-rata pre-test 75% dan nilai rata-rata post-test 95,8% menunjukkan semua subjek mengalami peningkatan dan perkembangan kognitif menggunakan KPSP pada semua subjek menunjukkan hasil Sesuai (S). Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa perkembangan kognitif sebelum dilakukan terapi bermain lego didapatkan 1 subjek perkembangan sesuai (S), 4 subjek hasil perkembangan sedikit mencurigakan (SM) dan 1 subjek hasil perkembangan meremehkan (M). Setelah dilakukan terapi bermain lego diperoleh hasil observasi 5 subjek mendapatkan hasil perkembangan sesuai (S) dan 1 subjek mendapatkan hasil perkembangan sedikit meremehkan (SM). Perbandingan perkembangan kognitif sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan terapi bermain lego mengalami peningkatan. 

According to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 62.02% of preschool children experience general growth disorders which include cognitive abilities, language, social disorders, emotional and motor disorders. The aim of this research is to determine the implementation of Lego play therapy on cognitive development in preschool aged children with the specific aim of knowing cognitive development before and after Lego play therapy and to analyze the comparison of cognitive development in preschool aged children before and after Lego play therapy at PAUD Melati Putih Central Jakarta. This case study research method uses descriptive research, non-probability techniques with purposive sampling. This research instrument uses observation sheets and KPSP for initial screening of cognitive development. The results of the research using the observation sheet showed that the average pre-test score was 75% and the average post-test score was 95.8%, showing that all subjects experienced improvement and cognitive development using KPSP in all subjects showed appropriate results (S). The conclusion of this study was that cognitive development before Lego play therapy was carried out, 1 subject had appropriate development results (S), 4 subjects had slightly suspicious development results (SM) and 1 subject had underestimated development results (M). After carrying out Lego play therapy, the observation results showed that 5 subjects got appropriate development results (S) and 1 subject got slightly underestimated development results (SM). Comparison of cognitive development before and after Lego play therapy has increased.